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ADHD Stimulant Medication Stimulant medication is the first-line treatment for ADHD. They have a long history of robust response, good tolerance, and safety over the life span. However, it's important to find the right dosage and medication that alleviates your child's or your own symptoms without causing side effects. This usually requires a lot of trial and trial and regular communication with your doctor. Stimulants Stimulants are drugs which increase the activity of the central nervous system. They are frequently used for performance enhancement and cognitive enhancers by athletes, students as well as artists and workers. They are also used for treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as well as binge eating disorder, and other anxiety disorders. The most commonly used stimulant medications are methylphenidates and amphetamines. FDA-approved prescription stimulants are available in extended-release and immediate-release formulas. Immediate-release medications are usually taken every 4 hours as needed. They can trigger an abrupt, short-term drop in energy, referred to as a crash once they have worn off. The crash can cause extreme hunger, mood swings, and fatigue. Immediate-release medication can also increase blood pressure and heartbeat in certain people. This is especially the case when they do not take enough food. Extended-release medications are designed to release its active ingredients over 8-16 hours. This type of medication may be prescribed by your doctor when you're looking for long-lasting relief from symptoms without taking pills frequently throughout the day. Ritalin Concerta and Focalin are all extended-release methylphenidate medications. Daytrana is a methylphenidate with a long-acting product that adheres to your skin like a bandage and is able to last for the entire day. This kind of medication is available to adults suffering from ADHD and need daily doses that last longer than the immediate-release options. The use of stimulants doesn't cure ADHD, but they can help manage symptoms by improving the way neurons in the brain communicate with one and each. They accomplish this by altering the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain, such as dopamine and norepinephrine. This is done by blocking or binding to their receptors. This allows more neurotransmitters be released, and it helps messages between neurons be more efficiently transmitted and received. Doctors often prescribe antidepressants addition to stimulants to treat ADHD. Most antidepressants doctors prescribe for ADHD affect the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in your brain. One of the groups, called selective serotonin receptor inhibitors, is a good choice for people suffering from depression or anxiety. These medications are usually paired with stimulants to enhance their effectiveness. Other reasons why your doctor may switch you between stimulant and non-stimulant medication is if the previous medication isn't working or it produces unacceptably adverse side effects. Long-acting Stimulants help about 70%-80% of children and adults with ADHD. They help reduce symptoms like fidgeting and talking over others. They also enhance job performance and social skills. The stimulant medication starts working when it crosses the blood-brain barrier, which takes 45-60 minutes. They boost the levels of dopamine and Norepinephrine within brain cells, which reduces the intensity of impulses and hyperactivity. FDA-approved stimulant medications use one of two molecules that are Methylphenidate (Adderall, Ritalin, Vyvanse, Concerta) and amphetamine (Ritalin, Adderall XR, Vyvanse XR). Stimulants can cause side effects including upset stomach and loss of appetite, increased heart rate and blood pressure headaches, as well as nervousness or anxiety. They can also cause tics to become worse and cause sleep issues for some people. Long-acting stimulants (such as Strattera and Wellbutrin) are effective throughout the day and night, unlike short-acting medications that last just for a couple of hours. They also aid in other conditions like depression or anxiety. These medications work by changing the way that your body regulates chemical called monoamine oxides. Monoamine oxidases break down dopamine inside the brain, along with other neurotransmitters. If these chemicals aren't eliminated, they stay in your body for longer and can affect your thinking and behavior. Long-acting medication can have fewer adverse effects. Your doctor will prescribe smaller doses, which you take throughout the day. Certain stimulants are available as extended-release forms that you take once a day. This may be more convenient for some adults, but it's important to that you should take them daily. SSRIs and other medicines have proven to be effective in treating ADHD in a variety of adults. SSRIs are typically prescribed for anxiety or depression but they can also be prescribed for ADHD. Around 70% of people react to these drugs. Bupropion, also known as Wellbutrin, is an SSRI approved for ADHD. It was proven to be more effective in a controlled trial than placebos. These medications can have severe side effects like ringing in the ears anxiety, changes to vision and lung and heart function in certain people. Short-acting The stimulant drugs work to reduce ADHD symptoms by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. These two chemicals help people control their behavior and focus. They are available in a variety of forms, and each comes with its own brand name, such as Adderall, Vyvanse, Ritalin and Concerta. There are two major types of stimulant drugs that are methylphenidates (such as methylphenidate) and the amphetamines (such as dextroamphetamine). All have similar effects but differ in the length of their action. The methylphenidates are less effective that can last as long as three hours, whereas amphetamines are more long-lasting. Some people tolerate stimulant medications better than others, so your doctor might prescribe them. It is crucial to learn as much as possible about the medication. This includes any possible side effects, how often it should be taken, and any warnings. This will help you and your physician decide on the right medication for you. These medications can also cause some negative side effects like insomnia or loss in appetite. Consult your physician in the event that you experience any of these adverse effects. You may have to alter the dosage or even try a different medication. Adults with ADHD who don't respond well to stimulants could be treated with non-stimulant drugs, which take longer to start working but increase the capacity of an individual to focus and manage impulses. These drugs can be prescribed as a stand-alone or in combination with stimulants. The first of these is atomoxetine (brand names Strattera and Qelbree) that increases norepinephrine as well as dopamine in the prefrontal cortex, which controls the way we behave. Guanfacine, also referred to as Intuniv, belongs to the group of drugs called alpha-agonists. These drugs work by preventing Reuptake and increasing levels of brain chemicals in the bloodstream. Guanfacine was originally designed to treat high blood pressure, has been proved to be effective in treating ADHD. Combinations People with ADHD make use of a variety drug combinations. These include stimulants and depressant type drugs like clonidine and guanfacine. These drugs can be calming for the brain and help reduce symptoms like insomnia and aggressive behavior. They can also prevent the withdrawal symptoms of stimulants. This combination could be risky however, when it is not utilized properly. Serotonin Syndrome is a medical emergency which occurs when there is an excess of serotonin in the body. This combination can also raise the heart rate and blood pressure. The risks of taking this medication are greater for people with pre-existing conditions such as high blood pressure or heart disease. Young adults and teens are increasingly using stimulant combinations. These substances are often described as “legal highs” and are readily available at pharmacies. These drugs are also sold on the black market. These substances are dangerous especially when mixed with alcohol and other substances. This is known as polydrug usage and is extremely risky. Mixing drugs can cause unpredictably harmful effects, such as increased heart rate, slow breathing, paranoia, hallucinations seizures, addiction and hallucinations. Combination therapy is more effective than monopharmacotherapy when it comes to treating ADHD according to a study. Combining medications improved adherence, and enabled patients to experience more relief from symptoms than monotherapy. However, many patients stopped their treatment because of side effects. In some cases the medication was stopped because of sleep problems or worsening tics. This could be due to a wrong diagnosis or a lack of medication. Nonstimulants are also used to treat ADHD. These medications help improve attention span and impulse regulation, but not as well as stimulants. They are less likely to suppress appetite and growth. Some antidepressants are also prescribed for ADHD, but they have a less chance of enhancing concentration and focus. In a number of studies, the atomoxetine (Concerta), when combined with methylphenidate produced better results than any drug on its own. Combining these two drugs improved adherence and reduced side effects for most people. Iam Psychiatry was effective for young adults and adolescents. This combination may be an option for children suffering from severe ADHD.